This tape will review the clinical applications and the physics involved in the Neodymium: YAG laser scalpel applications in ear, nose and throat and head and neck surgery. The Neodymium: YAG laser with the sapphire tip mounted on the tip of the fiber acts as a scalpel and can be successfully used in harnessing the laser energy to a point. By using the various tips, this particular wavelength can be effectively used to treat head and neck surgical conditions. The advantage of this particular wavelength appears to be its capacity to coagulate well and also make excellent incisions with the tip. This tape will also review the pertinent head and neck clinical conditions which have had superior results over the conventional way of treatment because of the laser applications.